An anal fissure is a small tear in the thin, moist tissue (mucosa) that lines the anus. An anal fissure may occur when you pass hard or large stools during a bowel movement. Anal fissures typically cause pain and bleeding with bowel movements. You also may experience spasms in the ring of muscle at the end of your anus (anal sphincter).
Anal fissures are very common in young infants but can affect people of any age. Most anal fissures get better with simple treatments, such as increased fiber intake or sitz baths. Some people with anal fissures may need medication or, occasionally, surgery.
Signs and symptoms of an anal fissure include:
Common causes of anal fissure include:
Less common causes of anal fissures include:
Complications of anal fissure can include:
Your doctor will likely ask about your medical history and perform a physical exam, including a gentle inspection of the anal region. Often the tear is visible. Usually this exam is all that’s needed to diagnose an anal fissure.
An acute anal fissure looks like a fresh tear, somewhat like a paper cut. A chronic anal fissure likely has a deeper tear, and may have internal or external fleshy growths. A fissure is considered chronic if it lasts more than eight weeks.
The fissure’s location offers clues about its cause. A fissure that occurs on the side of the anal opening, rather than the back or front, is more likely to be a sign of another disorder, such as Crohn’s disease. Your doctor may recommend further testing if he or she thinks you have an underlying condition:
Manipal hospital, New Delhi
Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Gurgaon
Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai
UPHI-The Wellness & Surgical Centre, Gurgaon
Medica Superspecialty Hospital, Kolkata
Indira IVF Hospital, Chennai
Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata
Max Super Specialty Hospital, Gurgaon
Fortis Hospital and kidney Institute, Kolkata
 Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai
BLK Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi
Narayana Multispeciality Hospital, Bangalore
Venkateshwar Hospital, Delhi
Manipal Hospital Bangalore
Wockhardt Super Specialty Hospital Mira Road, Mumbai
Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre (Narayana), Bangalore
Fortis Hospital, Mumbai
You may be able to prevent an anal fissure by taking measures to prevent constipation or diarrhea. Eat high-fiber foods, drink fluids and exercise regularly to keep from having to strain during bowel movements.
An acute anal fissure looks like a fresh tear, somewhat like a paper cut. A chronic anal fissure likely has a deeper tear, and may have internal or external fleshy growths. A fissure is considered chronic if it lasts more than eight weeks.
The fissure’s location offers clues about its cause. A fissure that occurs on the side of the anal opening, rather than the back or front, is more likely to be a sign of another disorder, such as Crohn’s disease. Your doctor may recommend further testing if he or she thinks you have an underlying condition:
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